λ³Έλ¬Έ λ°”λ‘œκ°€κΈ°

πŸ“š 전곡 곡뢀/μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄κ³΅ν•™

[μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄κ³΅ν•™] 5μž₯. ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈ 관리 (1)

5μž₯. ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈ 관리 (1)


ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈ κ³„νš - Planning

Before the project can begin, the software team should estimate; μΆ”μ •ν•΄μ•Όν•œλ‹€

  • the work to be done,
  • the resources required,
  • and the time

that will elapse from start to finish.

 

[ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈ κ³„νš - Task Set ]

Establish project scope : λ²”μœ„ μ„€μ •

Determine feasibility : 타당성 검증

Analyze risks : 리슀크 뢄석

  -Risk analysis is considered.

Define required resources : ν•„μš”ν•œ μžμ› μ •μ˜

  -Determine require human resources ν•„μš” 인λ ₯ κ²°μ •

  -Define reusable software resources μž¬μ‚¬μš©κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ μžμ› μ •μ˜

  -Identify environmental resources ν™˜κ²½μžμ› νŒŒμ•…

Estimate cost and effort : λΉ„μš© 및 λ…Έλ ₯ 견적

  -Decompose the problem 문제 μ„ΈλΆ„ν™”

  -Develop two or more estimates using LOC, function points, process tasks or software equation, etc. 두 개 μ΄μƒμ˜ μΆ”μ •μΉ˜ μž‘μ„±

  -Reconcile the estimates μΆ”μ • μ‘°μ •

Develop a project schedule μŠ€μΌ€μ₯΄ μž‘μ„±

  -Scheduling is considered in detail. μŠ€μΌ€μ€„λ§ 상세 κ³ λ €

  -Establish a meaningful task set μ˜λ―ΈμžˆλŠ” νƒœμŠ€ν¬ μ…‹ μ„€μ •

  -Define a task network μž‘μ—… λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ μ •μ˜

  -Use scheduling tools to develop a timeline chart νƒ€μž„λΌμΈ 차트 μž‘μ„±

  -Define schedule tracking mechanisms 일정 좔적 λ§€μ»€λ‹ˆμ¦˜ μ •μ˜

[ Estimation - μΆ”μ • ]

μžμ›, λΉ„μš©, μŠ€μΌ€μ€„ μΆ”μ •!

What is Scope?

→ μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄ λ²”μœ„(bound)에 λŒ€ν•œ μ„œμˆ μ  μ„€λͺ…

What is Use-Case?

→ end user의 μš”μ²­μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ˜ 응닡 λ°˜μ‘μ„ λ¬˜μ‚¬.

→ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš© 방식을 μ•Œλ €μ€Œ

 

μΆ”μ • μš”λ Ή

1. LOC-Based Estimation

ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ˜ 라인 수λ₯Ό ν‰κ°€ν•˜μ—¬ λΉ„μš©μ„ μ‚°μ •ν•˜λŠ” 방법,

즉 μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄ 각 κΈ°λŠ₯의 LOC(μ›μ‹œ μ½”λ“œ 라인 수)의 λΉ„κ΄€μΉ˜, λ‚™κ΄€μΉ˜, κΈ°λŒ€μΉ˜λ₯Ό μΈ‘μ •ν•˜μ—¬ 예츑치λ₯Ό κ΅¬ν•˜κ³ , μ΄κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λΉ„μš© μ‚°μ •.

κ°œλ°œκΈ°κ°„ = λ…Έλ ₯(인월) /νˆ¬μž…μΈμ›

κ°œλ°œλΉ„μš© = λ…Έλ ₯(인월) × λ‹¨μœ„λΉ„μš©

λ…Έλ ₯(인월) = κ°œλ°œκΈ°κ°„ × νˆ¬μž…μΈμ› = LOC / 1인당 월평균 생산 μ½”λ“œ 라인 수

생산성 = LOC /λ…Έλ ₯(인월)

 

2. FP-Based Estimation

3. Process-Based Estimation

4. SW Equation Based Estimation

 

 

[ Scheduling ]

Why are projects late?

→ unrealistic deadline, changing customer requirements, underestimate, risks, technical difficulties, human difficulties, miscommunication, failure by project management

μŠ€μΌ€μ€„λ§ 원리

  • κ΅¬νšν™” - κ³ μœ ν•œ μž‘μ—… μ •μ˜
  • μƒν˜Έ μ˜μ‘΄μ„± - μž‘μ—… μƒν˜Έ 관계λ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
  • λ…Έλ ₯ 검증 - λ¦¬μ†ŒμŠ€λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ ν™•μΈν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
  • μ •μ˜λœ μ±…μž„ - μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ ν• λ‹Ήλ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
  • μ •μ˜λœ κ²°κ³Ό - 각 μž‘μ—…μ—λŠ” 좜λ ₯이 μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
  • μ •μ˜λœ μ΄μ •ν‘œ - ν’ˆμ§ˆ κ²€ν† 

 

 

[ Earned Value Analysis (EVA) : νšλ“ κ°€μΉ˜ 뢄석 ]

measure of progress μ§„ν–‰μ˜ μΈ‘μ •

enables us to assess the “percent of completeness” of a project using quantitative analysis rather than rely on a gut feeling

→ 직감에 μ˜μ‘΄ν•˜κΈ° λ³΄λ‹€λŠ” μ •λŸ‰μ  뢄석을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ˜ "μ™„μ „μ„± λΉ„μœ¨"을 평가할 수 μžˆλ‹€.

 

[ Computing Earned Value : νšλ“ κ°€μΉ˜ 계산 ]

 

1. BCWS - bugeted cost of work Scheduled κ³„νšλœ μž‘μ—…μ˜ κ³„νš μ˜ˆμ‚°(κ³„νšμ— ν•΄λ‹Ήλ˜λŠ” λΉ„μš©)

  • BAC = ∑ (BCWSk) for all tasks k
  • The budgeted cost of work scheduled (BCWS) is determined for each work task represented in the schedule.

2. BCWP - Performed μˆ˜ν–‰λœ μž‘μ—…μ˜ κ³„νš μ˜ˆμ‚°(μ‹€μ œ μ§„ν–‰λœ μž‘μ—…λŸ‰μ— λΉ„λ‘€ν•˜λŠ” λΉ„μš©)

The value for BCWP is the sum of the BCWS values for all work tasks that have actually been completed by a point in time on the project schedule.

 

3. ACWP - μˆ˜ν–‰λœ μž‘μ—…μ˜ μ‹€μ œ λΉ„μš©(μ‹€μ œ μ§‘ν–‰λœ λΉ„μš©)

Actual cost of work performed, ACWP, is the sum of the effort actually expended on work tasks that have been completed by a point in time on the project schedule.

 

 

[ Derived Metrics ]

SPI: Schedule Performance Index (μΌμ •μ„±κ³Όμ§€μˆ˜, κ³„νšλŒ€λΉ„ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈ 진행λ₯ )

   → SPI = BCWP/BCWS → SPI < 1 means project is behind schedule

 

CPI: Cost Performance Index (μ›κ°€μ„±κ³Όμ§€μˆ˜, κ³„νšλŒ€λΉ„ μ˜ˆμ‚° κ°€μΉ˜?)

  → CPI = BCWP/ACWP → CPI < 1 means project is over budget

 

CSI: Cost Schedule Index (CSI = CPI x SPI)

  →The further CSI is from 1.0, the less likely project recovery becomes.